3. Data and columns

Step 3 of 6 · ← First grid · Next: Features →

SvGrid reads two arrays: data (your rows) and columns (the column-definition list). Everything else is opt-in.

The data array of rows and the columns array of definitions both feed the SvGrid element, with a ColumnDef anatomy callout mapping field to cell value, header to column label, and cell or renderSnippet to a custom render.

Row data

The data prop is any ReadonlyArray<TRow>. A Svelte 5 $state array, a derived store, an SWR/TanStack-Query cache, a +page.ts load result, a plain literal - the grid doesn't care, as long as the array reference changes when the rows change.

<script lang="ts">
  import { SvGrid, type GridColumns } from '@svgrid/grid'

  type Staff = { id: string; firstName: string; age: number }

  // Reactive: pushing into `rows` updates the grid automatically.
  let rows = $state<Staff[]>([
    { id: '1', firstName: 'Ada',   age: 36 },
    { id: '2', firstName: 'Linus', age: 54 },
  ])

  const staffColumns: GridColumns<Staff> = [
    { field: 'firstName', header: 'First name', width: 180 },
    { field: 'age',       header: 'Age',        width: 90 },
  ]

  function addRow() {
    rows.push({ id: crypto.randomUUID(), firstName: 'New', age: 0 })
  }
</script>

<button onclick={addRow}>Add row</button>
<SvGrid data={rows} columns={staffColumns} />

Identity

Today the wrapper uses each row's array index as its id. That's fine for read-only views; if you mutate rows, prefer keeping the same object references for rows that didn't change so selection and edit state line up. A getRowId prop on the wrapper is tracked in Missing features and supported by the headless createSvGrid core today.

Immutability

SvGrid does not mutate your data. When the user commits an edit the grid emits an onCellValueChange event; you decide whether to mutate in place or copy. See Saving values.

Column definitions

A column definition tells SvGrid how to read a value out of a row, how to render it, and how to format it.

import type { ColumnDef } from '@svgrid/grid'

type Person = {
  id: string
  firstName: string
  lastName: string
  age: number
  joinedAt: string  // ISO date
  salary: number
  active: boolean
}

const columns: GridColumns<Person> = [
  // `field`: read a key straight off the row
  { field: 'firstName', header: 'First name' },

  // `fieldFn`: compute the value; needs an explicit `id`
  {
    id: 'fullName',
    header: 'Full name',
    fieldFn: (row) => `${row.firstName} ${row.lastName}`,
  },

  // Numeric, with locale-aware formatting
  {
    field: 'age',
    header: 'Age',
    format: { type: 'number', options: { maximumFractionDigits: 0 } },
  },

  // Date with explicit pattern
  {
    field: 'joinedAt',
    header: 'Joined',
    format: { type: 'date', pattern: 'y-m-d' },
  },

  // Currency
  {
    field: 'salary',
    header: 'Salary',
    format: { type: 'currency', currency: 'USD' },
  },

  // Boolean rendered as a checkbox
  {
    field: 'active',
    header: 'Active',
    editorType: 'checkbox',
  },
]

Common properties

Property Purpose
field Reads row[key].
fieldFn Computes the value from the row. Required when there's no underlying field.
id Stable column id. Required when you use fieldFn (no field to derive from).
header String or render snippet for the header.
footer String or render snippet for the footer row.
cell Render snippet / component for the body cell. See Cell components.
format Locale-aware formatter: number, currency, percent, date, datetime.
formatter Function form for one-off custom value formatting.
editorType Inline editor: text | number | checkbox | date | datetime.
width Initial column width in pixels. Default comes from the columnWidth prop on <SvGrid>.
align Header + body alignment: 'left' | 'right' | 'center'. Inferred from editorType when omitted.
columns Child column defs for column groups (multi-level header).

Sorting / filtering / grouping are toggled per-grid via the registered features. Per-column flags (enableSorting: false, etc.) are on the Missing features list.

Custom cells

For anything beyond a stringified value, render with renderSnippet:

<script lang="ts">
  import { SvGrid, renderSnippet, type GridColumns } from '@svgrid/grid'

  type Named = { firstName: string; lastName: string; age: number }

  const named: Named[] = [
    { firstName: 'Ada',   lastName: 'Lovelace', age: 36 },
    { firstName: 'Grace', lastName: 'Hopper',   age: 45 },
    { firstName: 'Linus', lastName: 'Torvalds', age: 54 },
  ]
</script>

{#snippet PersonCell(props: { row: Named })}
  <span class="inline-flex items-center gap-2">
    <span class="initials">{props.row.firstName[0]}{props.row.lastName[0]}</span>
    <span>{props.row.firstName} {props.row.lastName}</span>
  </span>
{/snippet}

<SvGrid
  data={named}
  columns={[
    {
      id: 'person',
      header: 'Person',
      fieldFn: (r) => `${r.firstName} ${r.lastName}`,
      cell: (ctx) => renderSnippet(PersonCell, { row: ctx.row.original }),
    },
    { field: 'age', header: 'Age' },
  ] satisfies GridColumns<Named>}
/>

Cell components has the full patterns: avatars, sparklines, progress bars, status badges.

Formats on the columns you already have

format is declarative and locale-aware, so a currency, a percentage and a date all come from the same place rather than from three helper functions.

<script lang="ts">
  import { SvGrid, type GridColumns } from '@svgrid/grid'

  type Person = {
    id: number
    name: string
    city: string
    age: number
    salary: number
  }

  const seed: Person[] = [
    { id: 1, name: 'Ada Lovelace',   city: 'London',   age: 36, salary: 142000 },
    { id: 2, name: 'Grace Hopper',   city: 'New York', age: 45, salary: 168000 },
    { id: 3, name: 'Linus Torvalds', city: 'Portland', age: 54, salary: 155000 },
  ]

  type Row = { product: string; price: number; margin: number; shipped: string }

  const rows: Row[] = [
    { product: 'Cycling cap',  price: 29,  margin: 0.42, shipped: '2026-05-02' },
    { product: 'Patch kit',    price: 12.8, margin: 0.31, shipped: '2026-05-11' },
    { product: 'Road bottle',  price: 8.5, margin: 0.55, shipped: '2026-05-19' },
  ]

  const columns: GridColumns<Row> = [
    { field: 'product', header: 'Product', width: 170 },
    { field: 'price',   header: 'Price',   width: 120,
      format: { type: 'currency', currency: 'USD' } },
    { field: 'margin',  header: 'Margin',  width: 110,
      format: { type: 'percent' } },
    { field: 'shipped', header: 'Shipped', width: 150, cellDataType: 'dateString',
      format: { type: 'date', options: { dateStyle: 'medium' } } },
  ]
</script>

<SvGrid data={rows} {columns} sortable />
Learn SvGrid 2: your data, your columns (1:28, silent). Watch with narration on YouTube
Transcript

In lesson one the rows were made up. In this one they are yours, they stay reactive, and the columns start looking like a real application.

Start from your own row type. The grid never asks you to convert anything: whatever shape your records have, that is the shape it takes. Declare the array with the state rune and it stays reactive.

Columns map a field to a header, and width fixes one that would otherwise stretch. Then a plain function that pushes a record onto the array.

Watch what happens when that button runs. Pushing onto the array is all it does, and the grid follows, because the rows are a rune and not a copy the grid took at startup.

Now formatting. This is the same page of the docs, a few blocks further down, and it is the thing people most often do by hand and regret.

A currency format, a percent, a date. Each one renders the value for the reader and leaves your data alone, which matters because sorting and exporting both use the raw number underneath, not the string on screen.

One habit worth forming: type the column array as GridColumns of your row type. The compiler then checks every field name against the row, so a typo is a build error instead of an empty column nobody notices.

Both files are on the page below, and they run there too. See you in lesson three.

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